A survey was conducted to determine the occurrence and distribution of
Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) in several cruciferous crops in Iran. A total of 1451 symptomatic leaf samples were collected in 10 different Iranian provinces during the summers of 2004 and 2005 and then tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using specific CaMV-polyclonal antisera. Serological diagnosis was confirmed by herbaceous host range study, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Spherical particles of approximately 50 nm in diameter were observed at electron microscope in symptomatic field samples. CaMV was detected in numerous cruciferous crops, with the highest incidence in cauliflower (
Brassica oleracea var.
botrytis) plantings. The virus occurred on
B. oleracea var.
acephala,
B. oleracea var.
capitata alba,
B. oleracea var.
italica,
B. pekinensis,
B. rapa,
B. oleracea var.
ganglyodes and
Raphanus sativus in different provinces of Iran and in three brassica weeds (
Rapistrum rugosum,
Raphanus raphanistrum and
Sisymbrium loeselii).
Brevicoryne brassicae and
Myzus persicae were the most widespread colonizing aphids of cruciferous crops in the surveyed areas, which also transmitted CaMV experimentally.
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Prostate cancer and weight |
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Excerpts from the Globe's blog on the Boston-area medical community. |
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It Takes an Entrepreneur |
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Apple Iphone Games and Technical specifications, mobile phone, music phone, telephone, mobile systems,voip phone. |
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Key discovered to cold tolerance in corn |
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Demand for corn -- the world's number one feed grain and a staple food for many -- is outstripping supply, resulting in large price increases that are forecast to continue over the next several years. If corn's intolerance of low temperatures could be overcome, then the length of the growing season, and yield, could be increased at present sites of cultivation and its range extended into co... |
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digitalfotoclub.com - Compare digital cameras at Digital Foto Club - Home and portable electronics, appliances, housewares and more |
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Physics of the Impossible by Michio Kaku |
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 Physics of the Impossible A Scientific Exploration into the World of Phasers, Force Fields, Teleportation, and Time Travel
Written by Michio KakueBook | Anchor | Science - Physics | $15.95 | April 14, 2009 | 978-0-307-47256-4 (0-307-47256-6)A fascinating exploration of the science of the impossible—from death rays and force fields to invisibility cloaks—revealing to what extent such technologies might be achievable decades or millennia into the future.
One hundred years ago, scientists would have said that lasers, televisions, and the atomic bomb were beyond the realm of physical possibility. In Physics of the Impossible, the renowned physicist Michio Kaku explores to what extent the technologies and devices of science fiction that are deemed equally impossible today might well become commonplace in the future.
From teleportation to telekinesis, Kaku uses the world of science fiction to explore the fundamentals—and the limits—of the laws of physics as we know them today. He ranks the impossible technologies by categories—Class I, II, and III, depending on when they might be achieved, within the next century, millennia, or perhaps never. In a compelling and thought-provoking narrative, he explains:
· How the science of optics and electromagnetism may one day enable us to bend light around an object, like a stream flowing around a boulder, making the object invisible to observers “downstream”
· How ramjet rockets, laser sails, antimatter engines, and nanorockets may one day take us to the nearby stars
· How telepathy and psychokinesis, once considered pseudoscience, may one day be possible using advances in MRI, computers, superconductivity, and nanotechnology
· Why a time machine is apparently consistent with the known laws of quantum physics, although it would take an unbelievably advanced civilization to actually build one
Kaku uses his discussion of each technology as a jumping-off point to explain the science behind it. An extraordinary scientific adventure, Physics of the Impossible takes readers on an unforgettable, mesmerizing journey into the world of science that both enlightens and entertains.
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