In this investigation, survival of the teliosporogenous mycelia in 6, 7, 8 and 9 months old bunted kernels which had been infected artificially in the laboratory was examined. The sorus of each treatment was crashed in sterile distilled water and the suspension was placed on the surface of sterile distilled water in a completely randomized design with 5 replicates per treatment. Ten to 15 days later, floccose erected mycelia showing characteristics of the teliosporogenous mycelia appeared in the plates containing suspension that had been prepared from 6-8 months old infected kernels. Fifteen days after inoculation, colony numbers of teliosporogenous mycelia per plate were counted. Two- three weeks after transferring the mycelia to fresh YPDA, teliospores formed on this medium. After 4 weeks, mean teliospore formation on YPDA at 20°C and under laboratory conditions were 591.5 and 832 per plate, respectively. Also the teliosporogenous mycelial growth rate on YPDA at 20°C and room temperature were 2.31 and 1.85 mm day
-1, respectively. Fungus teliosporogenesis was studied
in vitro and
in situ by light, fluorescent and scanning electron microscope. During the teliosporogenesis, teliospore initials were formed in apical position in a lateral right-angled outgrowth of the teliosporogenous hyphae. The dikaryotic plasma was concentrated in the apical portion of the hypha. Fusion of nuclei occurred during the early enlargement of teliospore initial. The swelling, pyriform to spherical protoplast of the teliospore initial was delimited from the empty part of teliosporogenous hypha by a sheath, which was hyaline as observed by LM. The empty part of the hypha may form appendages. Underneath the sheath, the exosporium with ornamented surface and the smooth endosporium was deposited as seen in the mature teliospores. This is the first report of survival of the teliosporogenous mycelia in the Karnal bunt infected kernels after several months of storage. This may be of great importance in pathogen survival and disease epidemiology.
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I'm a working mother; how can I maximize my 3 workouts per week? |
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Since you're presumably young, you should use almost all of your limited time getting aerobic exercise like running, biking, or brisk walking, said William J. Evans, director of the Nutrition, Metabolism, and Exercise Laboratory at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. That's because "regular aerobic exercise increases life expectancy by decreasing the risk of a host of chronic diseases," ... |
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Introduction of New Monitors into Clinical Anesthesia |
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Cambridge NanoTech Atomic Layer Deposition Systems |
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Cambridge NanoTech aims to make Atomic Layer Deposition accessible to all researchers and developers worldwide. We manufacture compact ALD tools, providing pinhole-free thin films for Nanotubes, Nanowires, Organic Semiconductors, III-V Semiconductors, MEMS, NEMS, Photonic Crystals and more. |
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Protecting those who heal |
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Patients are not the only ones at risk during cardiac procedures. Doctors performing heart surgery also face health risks, namely to their eyes. The IAEA is helping to raise awareness of threats, through training in radiation protection related to medical uses of X-ray imaging systems. The issue of radiation protection for medical personnel is particularly acute in the case of lengthy... |
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The Day We Found the Universe by Marcia Bartusiak |
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 eBook | Pantheon | Science - Astronomy | $22.95 | April 7, 2009 | 978-0-307-37801-9 (0-307-37801-2)From one of our most acclaimed science writers: a dramatic narrative of the discovery of the true nature and startling size of the universe, delving back past the moment of revelation to trace the decades of work--by a select group of scientists--that made it possible.
On January 1, 1925, thity-five-year-old Edwin Hubble announced findings that ultimately established that our universe was a thousand trillion times larger than previously believed, filled with myriad galaxies like our own. It was a realization that reshaped how humans understood their place in the cosmos. Six years later, continuing research by Hubble and others forced Albert Einstein to renounce his own cosmic model and finally accept the astonishing fact that the universe was not immobile but instead expanding. The story of these interwoven discoveries includes battles of will, clever insights, and wrong turns made by the early investigators in this great twentieth-century pursuit, from the luminaries (Einstein, Hubble, Harlow Shapley) to the lesser known: Henrietta Leavitt, who discovered the means to measure the vast dimensions of the cosmos . . . Vesto Slipher, the first and unheralded discoverer of the universe’s expansion . . . Georges Lemaître, the Jesuit priest who correctly interpreted Einstein’s theories in relation to the universe . . . Milton Humason, who, with only an eighth-grade education, became a world-renowned expert on galaxy motions . . . and others.
Here is the watershed moment in our cosmic history, splendidly arising from the exceptional combination of human curiosity, intelligence, and enterprise.
From the Hardcover edition.
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